Female reproductive system parts and functions #

a. Paired ovaries:

The primary reproductive organs that generate ova (female gametes) and ovarian hormones (progesterone & estrogen).
The length of each ovary is 2-4 cm.
They are situated on either side of the lower abdomen and have ligaments connecting them to the uterus and pelvic wall.
The ovarian stroma is enclosed by a thin epithelium covering each ovary.
The inner medulla and outer cortex make up the stroma.
Ovarian follicles are collections of cells found in the ovary.
An ovum is carried at the center of each follicle.

include a uterus, a vagina, and two oviducts (Fallopian tubes).
Oviducts: Made up of three segments, each oviduct is 10–12 cm long.
Infundibulum: A funnel-shaped orifice with numerous fimbriae that resemble fingers. It facilitates ovum collection.
Ampulla: Greater width.
Isthmus: A narrow region. Connects to the uterus.
The ovum is propelled toward the uterus by the ciliated epithelium that lined the oviduct’s lumen.
The uterus, or womb, is shaped like an inverted pear. Ligaments affixed to the pelvic wall support it.
Upper fundus, middle body, and terminal cervix are the three components of the uterus. Opens to the vaginal canal.
Birth canal is formed by vagina and cervical canal.
Three layers make up the uterine wall:
Perimetrium: thin membrane on the outside.
Myometrium: Thick layer of smooth muscle in the middle.
Endometrium: Vascular and glandular layer inside.
Vagina: It opens to the outside between the anus and urethra.
A mucous membrane rich in glycogen that lines the vaginal canal is made up of sensitive papillae and Bartholin’s glands. Mucus secreted by Bartholin’s glands lubricates the penis during intercourse.

Include the hymen, clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, and mons pubis.-Mons pubis: A fatty tissue cushion protected by pubic hair.The large, meaty, fatty, and hairy outer folds of the lipa majora.
encompasses the vaginal entrance.
Labia minora: Tiny, hairless interior creases.
Hymen (Maiden head): A membrane that covers the vaginal entrance to some extent. Often, it is torn during the first sex. A sharp fall or jolt, inserting a vaginal tampon, actively engaging in certain sports, etc., can also shatter it.
Some women continue to have hymen after coitus. Therefore, the hymen is not a trustworthy sign of sexual experience or virginity.
Clitoris: An very delicate organ situated just in front of the urethral aperture.

There is fat and glandular tissue in each of the two mammary glands.
Each breast’s glandular tissue contains 15–20 mammary lobes, or clusters of cells called mammary alveoli.
Alveolar cells release milk. It is kept in the alveolar lumen.
The mammary tubules are where the alveoli open.
Each lobe’s tubules combine to produce the mammary duct.
A broader mammary ampulla is created when many mammary ducts combine, and this ampulla is attached to the lactiferous duct, which allows milk to be removed.